Education in emergencies

Education in emergencies is a set of linked activities that enables structured learning in times of acute crisis or long-term instability. It refers to a range of contexts that are often overlapping. These include conflict, post-conflict, complex emergencies, political instability, and natural disasters. Schooling during an emergency goes beyond formal educational opportunities and includes, but is not limited to, early childhood care and education, non-formal education, accelerated learning, youth development opportunities, support to home schools, and informal interactions with families, peers, and communities.

Following a disaster, education activities may occur in schools that are still standing and deemed safe, or in temporary shelters such as outdoor classrooms, tree shade classrooms, tents, or other public structures. In emergencies, the education response also requires individuals who may not be trained teachers to teach and supervise children. These individuals often require rapid teacher training and support.

Schools act as an entry point to provide other vital services, including protection, disaster risk reduction, nutrition, and health. This calls for close coordination between education and humanitarian specialists who can establish and ensure child-friendly environments during a natural disaster. Re-establishing education through emergency measures is a priority because quality learning systems inherently support the psychosocial, cognitive, and physical development and growth of children and adults. The presence of adult supervision and safe place to play and learn enhances the physical security of children. Formal and non-formal educational activities also offer psychosocial support, encouraging children to expand their social networks, engage in self-expression, and follow a regular routine. In addition, education supports the cognitive development of children affected by a natural disaster by strengthening their survival skills and giving them the tools they need to contribute to future reconstruction efforts. Finally, education has the potential to provide physical protection through hygiene and sanitation curriculum, as well as land mine awareness.

Adapted from:

De Marcken, N. (2014). Guide to education in natural disasters: How USAID supports education in crises. Retrieved from: https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2155/Natural%20Disasters%20Report%20FINAL.pdf

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